Solar clamps serve the purpose of fasteners that hold solar panels onto carports, roofs, rails, or any other mounting structure. These clamps are segmented into three types: mid clamps for edges of the panel, end clamps for the ends, and corner clamps for the intersection of the frame. The serrated jaws or rubber pads of these clamps made of aluminum or stainless steel, grip the panels without damaging the frame. Clamps are required to endure shear forces of 4 kN and are mandated to meet UL 2703 fire resistance standards. Some clamps for rooftop installation may incorporate into waterproof flashing, while others used for ground mounts are heavy-duty anti-vibration clamps. Their ease of installation and removal makes them vital for modular solar systems.